In the competitive nutraceutical landscape, the “Bioavailability Gap” is the ultimate barrier. You can formulate a supplement with the purest ingredients, but if the body cannot absorb them, the product fails the consumer. Self-Emulsifying Drug Delivery Systems (SEDDS) are becoming the gold standard for high-performance nutrition. They are beyond pharmaceutical application. Basing on the size of the emulsion particles, they are sub-classified as Self-microemulsifying Drug Delivery System (SMEDDS) and Self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems (SNEDDS).
Science: How SEDDS Bypasses “First-Pass” Hurdles
Most potent nutraceuticals are BCS (Biopharmaceutics Classification System) Class II or IV compounds – they have high permeability but extremely low water solubility. In a standard capsule, these compounds often crystallize in the stomach, leading to poor absorption and “gastric distress.”
SEDDS changes the physiological narrative through three main mechanisms:
- Spontaneous Emulsification: Upon contact with gastric fluids, the mixture forms fine oil droplets 100 nm to 5µm. This massive increase in surface area allows digestive enzymes (lipases) to work more efficiently.
- Bypassing the “Food Effect”: Usually, fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K) require a high-fat meal to trigger bile secretion for absorption. SEDDS provides its own “lipid environment,” making the supplement effective even on an empty stomach.
- Lymphatic Transport: By using specific long-chain triglycerides (LCTs), SEDDS can direct nutrients into the lymphatic system rather than the portal vein. This allows the nutrient to bypass hepatic first-pass metabolism (the liver’s “filter”), ensuring more of the active compound reaches systemic circulation.
Market Leaders: Real-World Applications
SEDDS-based products are emerging across several high-growth categories:
- Curcumin (The Bioavailability King): NovaSOL® Curcumin. This is a leading liquid micelle/SEDDS formulation used by brands like Solgar (Full Spectrum Curcumin). It claims 185x better bioavailability than standard extract, turning a 75g dose requirement into a single 500mg capsule.
- CoQ10 (Energy & Heart Health): Qunol® Liquid CoQ10 and Tishcon’s HydroQorb®. These utilize Gamma-Cyclodextrin or lipid-based self-emulsification to ensure the CoQ10 stays in a “body-ready” state.
- CBD & Cannabinoids: Ananda Professional and Charlotte’s Web have explored “Water Soluble” liquid concentrates. These are almost exclusively SMEDDS (Self-Micro-emulsifying) systems that allow CBD to be mixed into drinks without separating, significantly speeding up the “onset time” for the user.
- Omega-3 (The “No-Burp” Revolution): AquaCelle®. This is a patented SEDDS technology added to fish oils. It allows the oil to disperse instantly in the stomach, which not only increases absorption but eliminates the “reflux” or fishy aftertaste common with traditional oils.
Comparison: SEDDS vs. SMEDDS vs. SNEDDS
The differentiation lies in the droplet size and stability:
| System Type | Droplet Size | Appearance | Stability |
|---|---|---|---|
| SEDDS | 100 nm – 5µm | Turbid/Milky | Good |
| SMEDDS (Micro) | 10 nm – 100 nm | Translucent | Excellent (Thermodynamic) |
| SNEDDS (Nano) | <50 nm | Transparent | Superior (Kinetic) |
*Self-Emulsifying Drug Delivery Systems (SEDDS)
Self-microemulsifying Drug Delivery System (SMEDDS)
Self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems (SNEDDS)
The Bottom Line for Brands
As the “premiumization” of the supplement market continues, transparency regarding bioavailability will be the key differentiator. Moving from a dry powder to a self-emulsifying liquid or softgel is not just a formulation change it’s a massive upgrade in consumer value.
#Nutraceuticals #SEDDS #DrugDelivery #Supplements #FoodScience #Innovation #Bioavailability #PharmaTech
Expert Insights & References
- Characterization, and Future Trends. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics17010063
- ACS Omega : Self-Emulsifying Drug Delivery System for Enhanced Oral Delivery of Tenofovir: Formulation, Physicochemical Characterization, and Bioavailability Assessment. (2024). https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.3c08565
- Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews : Mahmood, A., & Bernkop-Schnürch, A. (2019). SEDDS: A game changing approach for the oral administration of hydrophilic macromolecular drugs. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addr.2018.07.001
- Journal of Controlled Release : Ghadi, R., & Dand, N. (2017/Updated 2024). BCS class IV drugs: Highly notorious candidates for formulation development. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.01.014
- Pharmaceutics : Uttreja, P., et al. (2025). Self-Emulsifying Drug Delivery Systems (SEDDS): Transition from Liquid to Solid—A Comprehensive Review of Formulation,
Author : Dr. Anand Solomon – Principal Scientist
