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It is an erect or prostate much branched, hirsute annual herb often rooting at nodes. Leaves are opposite and sessile. Principle constituents of herb are alkaloids wedelolactone and demethylwedelolactone. The herb is used as tonic and deobstruent in hepatic and splenic enlargements. The plant possesses hepatoprotective and anti-inflammatory property.

A small perennial, branched, aromatic herb is distributed in subtropical Himalayas of Kumaon and Nepal ascending to 8,000 ft. and in the Deccan peninsula, Gujarat and Bihar. The main chemical constituent is forskohlin, indicated in hypertension, congestive heart failure, angina pectoris, eczema (atopic dermatitis), asthama, psoriasis and glaucoma.

It is a prostate stoloniferous perennial herb native of India, China, Indonesia, Australia, the South Pacific, Madagascar and Southern and Middle Africa. It prefers marshy areas and river banks. It shows the presence of triterpenoid and saponin glycosides chiefly Asiaticoside, Madecassoside, Asiatic acid. The plant is used in treatment of leprosy, skin diseases (psoriasis, eczema) and also to improve memory. It is also used in respiratory ailments, strengthening of veins (varicose veins), as blood purifier, for relieving stress and is an immune booster.

Senna is a much branching erect shrub occurring naturally and cultivated in many parts of India. It is known to increase peristaltic movements of the colon by its local action upon the intestinal wall. It is used as expectorant, wound dresser, antidysentric, carminative and laxative. Sennosides found in leaves, pods and in flowers are the active compounds for laxative properties.

The tea has long been cultivated in India, SriLanka, China and other Asian countries. It is an evergreen shrub or tree usually maintains at a height of 2 – 3 feet by regular pruning. The main active principles of Green tea are Catechins like Epicatechin, Epigallocatechin, Epicatechingallate and Epigallocatechingallate and Caffeine. It also contains other Polyphenols. Green tea is stimulant and antioxidant. Population-based studies indicate that the antioxidant properties of green tea may help prevent atherosclerosis, particularly coronary artery disease. Research shows that green tea lowers total cholesterol and raises HDL (“good”) cholesterol in both animals and humans. Several studies indicate green tea to protect against various types of cancer.

A medium to large-sized, deciduous, balsamiferous tree is commonly found in the dry forests from Punjab to West Bengal, and in peninsular India. The oleo-gum-resin yields triterpenic acids, chiefly is ß-boswellic acid, acetyl-ß-boswellic acid, acetyl-11-keto-ß-boswellic acid and 11-keto-ß-boswellic acid. Boswellic acids show remarkable reduction of joint swelling, restoration and improvement of blood supply to inflamed joints, pain relief, increased mobility, amelioration or morning stiffness, steroid sparing effect and general improvement in the quality of life. It produces none of the common side effects associated with conventional NSAIDS and second line drugs.

It is a small creeping perrenial herb containing. The leaves of this plant are succulent and relatively thick. It commonly grows in marshy areas throughout India, Nepal, Sri Lanka, China, Taiwan, and is also found in Florida and other southern states. Chief chemical constituents are steroidal saponins including Bacosides. The herb is reported to improve intellect and acts as anti-anxiety agent. Studies indicate the usage of this herb in mental disorders among children. The herb is used for cleansing the blood, has an extremely positive effect on blood circulation and the function of the liver, lungs and kidneys. It is also believed to stimulate hair, skin, and nail growth.

Neem is a large, evergreen tree commonly found throughout the greater part of India, and often cultivated. The leaves contain chiefly nimbin, quercetin and ß-sitosterol. Almost every part of the tree is bitter and finds application in indigenous medicine. Neem extracts have been reported to possess anti- diabetic, anti-bacterial and anti-viral properties. The extract of leaf yields fractions which markedly delay the clotting- time of blood and mild antiseptic. The aqueous extract of neem leaf is hepatoprotective, known to decrease blood sugar levels and prevents adrenaline as well as glucose-induced hyperglycaemia. Clinical studies with neem leaf extract indicates its effectiveness to cure ringworm, eczema and scabies.

A much branched spinous under shrub with fusiform succulent tuberous roots. The chief chemical constituents are triterpene saponins Shatavarin I & IV. The roots are emollient, cooling, and aphrodisiac. They are useful in nervous disorders, dyspepsia, tumours, scalding of urine, throat infections, tuberclosis, cough bronchitis and general debility.
The root extracts exhibit antiallergic activity. Clinical studies indicate the tuberous roots increase the milk production in lactating women.

Vasaka is evergreen gregarious, perennial herb distributed all over the plains of India and in the lower Himalayan ranges. It has long and broad leaves, light green in color having characteristic odor and bitter taste. The leaves, flowers, fruits and roots are used for treating cough, cold, chronic bronchitis and asthma. It acts as expectorant and antispasmodic.
Its principle constituents are alkaloids, chief alkaloid being vasicine.